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Policy & Procedures
Public Law Regulation
- 93-205, Endangered Species Act of 1973
ESA requires the protection of endangered species and their critical habitat. The Act is based
on not only the species but the habitat they depend on. - 1361-1407, Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972
The Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) was enacted on October 21, 1972. All marine
mammals are protected under the MMPA. The MMPA prohibits, with certain exceptions, the
"take" of marine mammals in U.S. waters and by U.S. citizens on the high seas, and the
importation of marine mammals and marine mammal products into the U.S. Jurisdiction for
MMPA is shared by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) and the National Marine Fisheries
Service (NMFS). The Services Branch of Permits is responsible for issuing take permits when
exceptions are made to MMPA.
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